To enhance further the performance of the current localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biochemical fiber sensor, a novel design model for a short length, high resolution, and high sensitivity was developed in this study. Based on a cross-sectional view of the component, the proposed new LSPR biochemical fiber sensor comprises a single-mode fiber and two types of nano-metal gears. The difference between these two types of nano-metal gears is the angular displacement of a single pitch. In a cylindrical coordinate system, if the φ axis is considered a straight, the LSPR fiber sensor exhibits a clear tessellation array. The numerical simulation method that combines the finite element method (FEM) and eigenmode expansion method (EEM) was used to design and analyze the sensor. In addition, to increase the accuracy of the numerical simulation results, the proposed numerical simulation method included a perfectly matched layer (PML) and a perfectly reflecting boundary condition (PRB). After the design procedures had been performed, the LSPR biochemical fiber sensor designed in this study possesses the advantageous attributes of a short length (74.34779 μm), high resolution (−110 dB), and high sensitivity (93 987 nm/RIU). As far as I know, up to present it possesses the best resolution and sensitivity compared with the other LSPR sensors.
